I'm a Soul Man!
Bad news about your soul: it doesn't exist.
So says the New York Times in an article entitled, Science of the Soul? 'I Think, Therefore I Am' Is Losing Force by Cornelia Dean. The article, from earlier this week, goes on to report that "human minds are the product of evolution", "the idea that man was created in the image of God can surely be put aside, " and "religious faith is nothing but an evolutionary artifact". So lighten up, folks. Do as you please. Seize the day! Eat, drink and be merry, for tomorrow you die. And forget about that still small voice that we call "conscience." It's nothing more than a biological process—sort of like the heartburn you get after eating too much pizza.
The Times boldly declares: "...as evolutionary biologists and cognitive neuroscientists peer ever deeper into the brain, they are discovering more and more genes, brain structures and other physical correlates to feelings like empathy, disgust and joy. That is, they are discovering physical bases for the feelings from which moral sense emerges—not just in people but in other animals as well." The implications of this discovery, according to the author, are clear: "For many scientists, the evidence that moral reasoning is a result of physical traits that evolve along with everything else is just more evidence against the existence of the soul, or of a God to imbue humans with souls."
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So there you have it, God does not exist. The New York Times said it, so it must be true. There is no soul. There is no God. Moral sense is just a feeling produced by neurons. Religion is a leftover from a more primitive evolutionary stage. Human beings are not really different from animals. Got it?
The premise that man is nothing more than animated protoplasm is not new. From the beginning of time, there have been those who deny the existence of God and who would reduce man to a mere automaton. This is the "same old same old" dressed up in scientific jargon. But the larger question is, what qualifies scientists to draw this conclusion? Certainly not modern technology. The instruments of modern science—the microscope, the telescope, the ruler and the scale—are very good at measuring and studying the physical world. But, they are inadequate when it comes to assessing the world of the non-material. The utility of such instruments depends on the suitability of their application. A ruler cannot weigh an elephant, nor can a telescope cannot be used to perform an x-ray. How much less useful are these instruments in measuring immaterial realities, like the soul or the concept of justice?
Many scientists have convinced themselves that nothing exists except the material world. Reality is limited to that which can be objectified, quantified, and verified. For them, if the soul cannot be weighed, it must not exist. Unless God can be measured, he must be fanciful. Unless morality can be quantified, it must be illusion. There is no such thing as metaphysics...all reality is material. Period.
Of course, the assertion that reality is only material is, itself, a metaphysical claim—one that modern scientists are simply not qualified to make. Though they are skilled at measuring the material world, scientists do not have the expertise or authority to declare that there is nothing but a material world. The limits of scientific detection do not circumscribe the boundaries of our existence. There once was a time when we could not detect other planets, but that does not mean they did not exist. Likewise, there are metaphysical truths—some known by reason, some by revelation—but just because they are non-material, does not mean they do not exist.
J. B. S. Haldane showed how the limits of materialism make human reason incomprehensible: "If my mental processes are determined wholly by the motions of atoms in my brain, I have no reason to suppose that my beliefs are true...and hence I have no reason for supposing my brain to be composed of atoms." If we are solely material beings as the New York Times is keen to argue, then there is no basis for truly rational thought. There is, therefore, no basis for believing that the article declaring the non existence of the soul is true.
Reasonable people, however, should not ignore the implications of the notions articulated in the Times article. Ideas have consequences, whether we acknowledge the existence of ideas to be true or not. If the breezily asserted claim that morals are nothing but feelings produced by the brain is true, then clearly, we would no longer be bound by morals. The powerful could impose whatever "morality" they want on the weak. And what if it is true that we are purely material beings and, therefore, lack free will? Who would be responsible for their actions? And what if human beings are not fundamentally different from animals, as the article also asserts? Does that mean the local butcher is a murderer, or does it mean murderers are no less immoral than the butcher?
We may not all have Ph.D.'s in neuroscience or evolutionary biology, but that doesn't mean that we are stupid. Notwithstanding what some members of the scientific community may think, scientists are not all knowing and the field of science is not competent to unravel all of the mysteries of human existence. On that, you can bet your immortal soul.
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Ken Connor is Chairman of the Center for a Just Society in Washington, DC and a nationally recognized trial lawyer who represented Governor Jeb Bush in the Terri Schiavo case. Connor was formally President of the Family Research Council, Chairman of the Board of CareNet, and Vice Chairman of Americans United for Life. For more articles and resources from Mr. Connor and the Center for a Just Society, go to www.ajustsociety.org. Your feedback is welcome; please email [email protected]
